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No signal in the underground garage? Antenna placement principles in underground parking lots

No signal in the underground garage? Antenna placement principles in underground parking lots

No signal in the underground garage? Antenna placement principles in underground parking lots

1.Source (RU) positioning

The ideal location for the Remote Unit (RU) should be in close proximity to the weak current room, with the best placement at the center of the garage. This layout facilitates comprehensive signal coverage throughout the underground parking lot. If the RU is placed in a remote weak current well, it may lead to excessively long signal transmission paths, causing signal attenuation and reducing the power reaching the end antennas, thereby diminishing signal quality and coverage. Therefore, strategically positioning the RU is crucial for the efficient operation of the entire system.

No signal in the underground garage? Antenna placement principles in underground parking lots

2.antenna deployment

In the antenna arrangement within the garage, considering the usually minimal obstructions, antennas can be organized in a regular pattern. It is recommended to place an antenna every 20 meters, preferably between the pillars of the garage, avoiding direct contact with the pillars to optimize signal distribution. Notably, an independent antenna should be placed near the entrance and exit of the garage to facilitate smooth indoor-outdoor signal transition. Similarly, to ensure signal coverage inside the elevator, an independent antenna should be placed 3-5 meters near the elevator entrance, guaranteeing stable signal connectivity for passengers using the elevator.

No signal in the underground garage? Antenna placement principles in underground parking lots

3.cabling strategy

In the system’s wiring strategy, attention should be given to the balanced distribution of branch line lengths. Avoid any excessively long branch lines, as long lines may lead to signal attenuation, especially at the end of the line. Maintaining balanced lengths of branch lines not only helps to reduce potential signal loss but also ensures the system’s overall stability and consistency in signal coverage. A rational wiring strategy is key to ensuring efficient system operation and optimizing signal coverage.

 

Here are the relevant calculation formulas, which may be helpful:

1.【Calculation of Free Space Loss】

Free space loss refers to the attenuation of electromagnetic waves along the transmission path, with the formula as follows:

Lbf = 32.5 + 20log F + 20log D \

Where:

Lbf = Free space loss (dB)

D= Distance (km)

F = Frequency (MHz)

 

2.【Calculation of Received Signal Strength】

Received Signal Strength refers to the strength of the wireless signal received by the receiving station equipment, calculated as:

RSS=Pt+Gr+Gt-Lc-Lbf

Where:

RSS = Received Signal Strength (dBm)

Pt= Transmit power (dBm)

Gr = Receiving antenna gain (dBi)

Gt= Transmitting antenna gain (dBi)

Lc= Loss due to cable and connectors (dB)

Lbf= Free space loss (dB)

 

 

3.【Calculation of System Fade Margin (SFM)】

System Fade Margin refers to the surplus dB value of the actual wireless signal received by the receiving station equipment compared to the minimum reception threshold allowed by the receiving station equipment (equipment receiving sensitivity):

SFM=RSS-Rs

Where:

RSS= Received Signal Strength (dB)

RS= Equipment receiving sensitivity (dBm)